◉ NFTs是与任何数字数据相关的数字真实性证书。
◉ SFTs结合了可替换代币和不可替换代币的特点，并改善了两者的最大弱点。
不可伪造的代币（NFTs）像一场风暴一样征服了世界。围绕NFTs的炒作是巨大的，价格不断打破新的记录，它们每天都在主导头条新闻。
在聚光灯之外，另一种代币化资产类别正在出现：半可替代代币（SFT）。SFT比可替代和不可替代的代币灵活得多，它的出现是为了将两个世界合二为一，解决不足之处，并开启新的可能性。
问题是 – SFTs的知名度要低得多。在这篇文章中，我们将认识这两种代币，并快速了解它们的原因和区别。
什么是不可伪造的代币（NFTs）？
NFTs是与任何数字数据相关的真实性数字证书。这可以是任何数字：图像、视频、音频等。
这里的关键词是 “不可伪造”，这意味着每个NFT不能在不改变其价值的情况下交换到任何其他NFT。例如，每张电影票都是独一无二的，特别是在座位和行数方面；如果你想把它换成另一张票，座位会有所不同。
与加密货币相反，NFTs不能被分割成分数。它们是作为一个独特的不可分割的部分出现的。它们可以有副本，但副本的价值与原件不同。
NFTs被创建并存储在区块链上，这是一个不可改变的数字账本，记录每一笔交易。由于区块链的存在，每个NFT都有一个真实性证书。它们不能被删除、销毁或改变。每当你拥有一个NFT，你就获得了它在区块链上的数字记录的所有权。
ERC-721标准
大多数NFT是在以太坊的ERC-721标准上实现的。这是一套定义代币功能和能力的规则。ERC-721标准是最流行的NFT标准，它允许创建和交易不可伪造的代币。
每个NFT标准代币都是独一无二的，不能被转化或销毁。它的目的是作为收藏品；稀有性是任何不可伪造的代币的内在价值。
优点
ERC-721代币标准的主要优点是创造者可以将更多的属性链接到它们。其中一个属性是真实性出处，这使得NFTs与可替换的代币相比，具有特殊性和唯一性。
缺点
NFT代币标准的缺点是其有限的转让能力。每个NFT可以在单独的交易中转移，这意味着要转移20个独立的CryptoPunk NFT，你必须做20个交易。这造成了更高的网络拥堵，增加了加油费，从而抬高了交易价格。更不用说它还很耗费时间，并导致更高的二氧化碳排放。
NFTs在哪里使用？
全球对NFTs的兴趣是巨大的。由于任何数字都可以被代币化为NFT，所以非可替代代币有多种不同的使用情况。艺术、音乐和游戏行业在NFT的采用方面已经成为最突出的行业。
NFTs正在确立自己作为新一类投机资产的地位。它们为艺术家和游戏玩家提供了各种可能性（如在没有中间商的情况下出售他们的艺术作品，或拥有游戏中的资产并从中赚钱），但也被当作一种投资手段。
什么是半可替代代币（SFTs）？
半可替换代币（SFTs）结合了可替换代币和非可替换代币的特点，并改善了两者的最大缺点。
SFTs在被使用之前就像可替换的代币。为了更好地理解这个概念，想象一下购物中心的礼品卡；你可以用它来交换相同价值的礼品卡，因此它是一种可替换的资产。然而，当礼品卡被使用或过期的时候，它就失去了价值，不能被兑换成有效的礼品卡。这时，它就变成了一种不可替代的资产。
SFTs代表了独特而灵活的ERC-1155标准，能够创建具有多种功能的代币。此外，一个智能合约能够管理无限数量的SFT代币。
ERC-1155标准
半可替换代币是建立在ERC-1155标准之上的。这种多代币的以太坊标准结合了可替换代币（ERC-20）和非可替换代币（ERC-721标准）的特点，能够创建具有多种功能的代币。
半可替换代币解决了不同标准代币之间的不兼容问题，并克服了可替换（ERC-20）和不可替换（ERC-721）代币的限制。
可替换代币的关键限制是其不可逆转的交易。如果你发送硬币到一个错误的地址，你将永远失去它们。如果没有钱包所有者的善意，就没有可能拿回你的资金。
同时，半风行代币是建立在允许转移错误的智能合约上。向错误地址的代币交易是可逆的。如果发生错误，发送者有能力拿回他的代币。
与NFT相反，半风行代币支持批量转移。你可以在一次交易中转移多个SFTs，这导致了较低的网络拥堵，较低的气体费用和较低的成本。
SFTs在哪里使用？
半可替换代币是一个相对年轻的代币标准。由区块链游戏开发商Enjin创建，STFs主要用于游戏行业。
作为多功能代币，它们允许游戏创作者在游戏中提供具有可替换和不可替换代币功能的物品。同时，游戏玩家可以很容易地用可替换的游戏物品换取NFTs，反之亦然。
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