关键看法
◉ Polygon投入了10亿美元，并筹集了4.5亿美元，专注于多个ZK扩展工作。该战略允许独立的团队尝试不同的扩展方法，同时促进紧密合作和信息共享。
◉ 总的来说，第三季度整个网络的活动有所增加，活跃地址达到600万，创历史新高，新地址按季度激增180%，总独特地址超过1.7亿，总交易量超过20亿。
◉ 不同的行业产生了不同的结果。DeFi按季度下降，游戏按年大幅增长，而NFT在活跃钱包方面创下历史新高。
◉ Polygon继续其积极的业务发展战略，宣布与Acentrik、Disney Accelerator、Reddit、Robinhood、Starbucks和Worldpay建立新的伙伴关系。
关于Polygon的简介
Polygon打算成为Ethereum的通用扩展解决方案。它正在积极开发多种以太坊扩展解决方案，包括ZK-rollups、Optimistic Rollups、侧链、数据可用性层，以及类似于Cosmos SDK或Substrate的区块链SDK。最早和最广泛使用的扩展解决方案是Polygon收购证明（PoS）侧链。此外，Polygon正在追求一个积极的商业发展战略，与Web3和传统公司合作，运营一个风险投资部门，并开发一个去中心化的身份解决方案Polygon ID。
性能分析
今天，Polygon的Proof-of-Stake（PoS）链几乎承担了Polygon的所有活动。PoS链是一个Ethereum侧链。除非另有说明，性能分析部分的所有内容都与PoS链有关。
财务概述
在第三季度，虽然整个加密货币的市值相对持平，但Polygon的市值却环比增长了43%。这种增长始于7月初，在宣布迪士尼选择Polygon参与迪士尼加速器之后。随着一系列新的伙伴关系的宣布，包括与Acentrik、Reddit、Robinhood、星巴克和Worldpay的合作，这种情况持续了下来。
8月，14亿MATIC（占总供应量的14%）从归属合同转移到桩基或Polygon库房。本季度结束时，Polygon拥有97亿MATIC，占流通总供应量的97%。归属合同中剩余的2.7亿MATIC将在10月解锁，并被吸收到国库中。
第三季度的总收入为420万美元，环比下降26%。下降的原因是交易量下降10%，交易费下降51%，平均为0.09美元。作为比较，Avalanche的季度收入为230万美元（环比下降94%），平均交易费为0.14美元；Solana的收入为480万美元（环比下降25%），平均交易费为1分钱以下。
2021年1月1日，Polygon国库拥有46亿MATIC的巨额战争资金。2021年8月13日，宝利根宣布将战略重点放在基于ZK的扩展解决方案上，并为这项工作提供10亿美元的国库资金。分配的资金用于。
◉ 收购ZK-项目和团队
◉ 构建基于ZK的解决方案
◉ 雇用人才
◉ 研究经费
国库的使用由Polygon Technologies集中控制，到目前为止，大部分的支出都与ZK扩展工作有关。
在宣布将战略重点放在ZK扩展上的同一天，Polygon宣布了第一笔重大国库支出，以2.5亿MATIC（约2.5亿美元）的价格收购了ZK-rollup Hermez Network（现在的Polygon zkEVM）。2021年12月9日，Polygon宣布其在Mir Protocol（现在的Polygon Zero）的第二次收购，价格为1亿美元和1.9亿MATIC。在第三季度末，Polygon库房有24亿MATIC（比46亿减少48%）。
网络概述
在第三季度，与账户相关的指标环比为正。 活跃地址连续第二个季度增加，创下近 600 万活跃地址的历史新高。 新地址环比激增 180%，这主要是由于 Reddit NFT 市场的推出。 唯一地址总数超过 1.7 亿，并有望在年底前超过 2 亿。
尽管账户数量增加，但总交易量环比下降 10% 至 2.56 亿笔（较历史高位下降 -50%）。 相比之下，Avalanche C-Chain 登记了大约 2000 万笔交易（-66% QoQ）和 Solana 非投票交易 30 亿笔（+70% QoQ）。 新账户的大量增加伴随着交易的减少表明新用户还没有表现出活跃，但现在还为时过早。
生态系统与发展
在第三季度，Polygon 生态系统的不同部门产生了不同的结果。 MATIC 的总锁定价值 (TVL) 环比下降 43%，但从年初至今仍相对持平。 游戏也出现了显着的环比下降，主要集中在 7 月和 8 月。 9 月，在热门游戏 Benji Bananas 的推出推动下，游戏用户环比飙升 96%。 NFT 在本季度表现最为强劲，创下了活跃钱包的历史新高。
Polygon 的游戏和 NFT 部门是 Polygon Studios 的组成部分，Polygon Studios 是 Polygon 生态系统中一个相对较新的部分。 Studios 由前 YouTube 游戏负责人 Ryan Wyatt 领导。 与 Polygon 的业务开发团队一样，Studios 一直在积极投资并签署合作伙伴关系。
去中心化金融
Polygon TVL 的下降（-43% QoQ）恰逢 Arbitrum 和 Optimism 启动了各自的流动性挖矿活动。 尽管如此，Polygon 的 TVL 到 2022 年一直持平，到 2021 年底为 22 亿 TVL，到 2022 年第三季度结束时为 19 亿 TVL (-10%)。 相比之下，Avalanche 在第三季度末的 TVL 为 19 亿美元（-28% QoQ），Binance 为 66 亿美元（+11% QoQ），Solana 为 21 亿美元（-16% QoQ）。
在 Polygon Network 上的 TVL 中，70%（11 亿美元）集中在 10 个应用程序中。该集团中最大的 Aave 占全网 TVL 的 20%。在 Aave 所有网络的 TVL 中，Polygon 占 6%，而以太坊占 70%。前 10 名之外的所有应用程序占 TVL 的 31% 以上。
正如预期的那样，以 DEX 交易量衡量，Uniswap 是占主导地位的去中心化交易所。在本季度的最后一周，Polygon 上超过 70% 的交易量是通过 Uniswap 完成的。聚合器占交易量的 12%，其中 1inch (55%) 和 Paraswap (33%) 控制了大部分交易量。
总体而言，Polygon 的 TVL 一直保持稳定，尽管存在熊市和最低限度的流动性挖矿激励措施。最低限度的激励措施与 optimistic rollups 和以太坊扩展竞争对手（Arbitrum 和 Optimism）发起各自的流动性挖矿活动形成鲜明对比。尽管激励措施极少且竞争加剧，但这种一致性表明有机的、粘性的 DeFi 活动。
赌博
Polygon 游戏活动同比显着增加。 2021 年和 2022 年初，Polygon 上最大的游戏是 Aavegotchi 和 The Sandbox 等知名游戏。 最近几个月，Arc8、Benji Bananas、Planet IX 和 Sunflower Land 等新游戏导致活动增加。 Polygon 正在开发多种类型的新游戏，包括 MMORPG、第一人称 POV 等。
NFTs
在第二季度多个 NFT 指标创下年初至今的新高之后，Polygon 在第三季度表现强劲，创下了活跃钱包的历史新高。活动激增是由 Reddit 在 Polygon 上推出 NFT 市场推动的。最初，NFT 仅供 r/CollectibleAvatars 仅限受邀 subreddit 的成员使用，但后来向公众开放。这导致活动激增（注：Reddit NFT 持续激增至第四季度）。 Zed Run 是一款数字赛马游戏，迄今为止仍然是 Polygon 上最大的系列，其终生销售额接近 2 亿美元。
此外，Polygon 通过与迪士尼、Robinhood 和星巴克建立新的合作伙伴关系，在已经很长的著名 NFT 合作伙伴名单中增加了：
◉ 迪士尼加速器——Polygon 被选为加入迪士尼加速器的六家公司之一，迪士尼加速器是一项业务发展计划，重点是通过增强现实、NFT 和人工智能构建沉浸式技术的未来。在该计划的过程中，每家参与公司都将获得迪士尼高级领导团队和专职执行导师的指导。
◉ 罗宾汉 Web3 钱包 – Robinhood 选择 Polygon 来支持其新推出的非托管 Web3 钱包。 Robinhood 钱包测试版现已面向 10,000 名 iOS 客户开放，并将主要支持 DeFi 功能。当发布完整版移动应用程序时，它将支持包括 NFT 在内的更广泛的资产。
◉ 星巴克奥德赛 – 该合作伙伴关系将使星巴克奖励忠诚计划成员和星巴克员工能够以 NFT 的形式赚取和购买数字收藏邮票。该活动尚未启动。
与 Reddit 的合作很快产生了可喜的成果，链上 NFT 活动激增。可以毫不费力地想象新的合作伙伴关系将导致活动进一步增加。
开发者活动
随着多种扩展解决方案的开发，Polygon继续通过熊市进行建设，这已经不是什么秘密。这包括PoS链，它一直保持着健康的发展水平。总的来说，Polygon PoS链有42万个智能合约部署者和11万个独特的合约被验证。
为了继续促进发展，Polygon已经发布了一些以开发者为中心的产品，包括。
◉ Polygon学院 – 一所专门为开发者入职的免费在线学校。
◉ Polygon公会 – 一个供开发者组织月度会议、与其他开发者合作、开展研讨会和促进一系列其他活动的平台。
◉ 宝利根村 – 一个以全栈开发者为中心的生态系统，包括：具有领先应用的欢迎券、补助金计划、具有专门指导和支持的三个月预加速队列、工作板和赏金板。7月，Polygon Village宣布支持DAO的运营和工具化。
Polygon还承诺提供100万美元的Gitcoin赠款，推出了50个名额的奖学金，并推出了#BUIDLIT黑客马拉松，奖金为500美元。
去中心化和抵押品
Polygon PoS链大致分为三层。以太坊，Bor，和Heimdall。以太坊层容纳了钉子合同，给PoS链提供了更高的安全级别。Bor层将交易聚合成区块，并处理与以太坊信标链类似的职责。Heimdall层从Bor向以太坊主网发送定期检查点，以确定最终结果。任何希望成为Polygon验证者的人都必须同时运行Bor和Heimdall节点，并将他们的MATIC抵押给以太坊的MATIC抵押合约。
今天，每次有100个活跃验证者的限制。虽然理论上验证者集可以扩展到更大的去中心化，但为了保持快速的区块时间，它的上限是100个。当当前活跃的验证者解除绑定时，新的验证者可以加入活跃的集合。Polygon将总供应量的12%（12亿MATIC）分配给赌注奖励，到目前为止已经支付了超过60万MATIC。
为了达到绝对去中心化的自治状态，验证者必须根据一套商定的参数对网络参与进行自我调节。分权的过程必须是循序渐进的，以确保网络能够顺利地运行和扩展。Polygon改进提案4（PIP-4）提议将最大验证人的数量增加到105个。如果该提案获得通过，这将是权力下放的一个早期步骤。
第三季度结束时，Polygon以34亿MATIC桩的历史新高（占流通供应的38%）。MATIC股权的季度增长21%是由于Polygon团队将他们从2021年的归属解锁中获得的代币进行抵押。在MATIC的总赌注中，95%是来自验证者。在本季度的许多周里，只有三个验证者产生了超过30%的区块，前六名验证者产生了超过50%的区块。因此，Polygon的中本聪系数为4，低于行业平均水平。总的来说，Polygon的赌注和分散化指标一直是一致的，表明网络持续健康。
定性分析
规模化解决方案
Polygon的使命是帮助扩大Ethereum的规模。为了成功，核心团队认识到Polygon需要扩展到PoS侧链之外，并专注于ZK技术。因此，Polygon投入了10亿美元，并筹集了4.5亿美元，专注于多个与ZK相关的扩展工作。Polygon的战略允许独立的团队尝试不同的扩展方法，同时促进激烈的合作和信息共享，否则就不可能实现。
Polygon Avail
Polygon Avail是一个通用的、可扩展的数据可用性层，用于独立链、侧链和模块化链。使用Avail进行数据可用性的卷轴可以完全规避对单体L1的需求，使其具有主权。Avail可以作为Ethereum的一个validium，在链外获取数据，为其他网络上的链提供数据可用性。Avail是超高效的，因为它使用随机抽样来确定数据的可用性，这是Celestia和Ethereum 2.0打算实施的一个过程。Avail目前已在testnet上上线。
Polygon Edge和Supernets
Polygon Edge是一个模块化的区块链开发框架，旨在支持各种扩展和基础设施解决方案，以开发与Ethereum兼容的链。与Substrate（Polkadot）或Cosmos SDK类似，Edge促进了特定应用链的开发。
2022年4月，Polygon宣布了Polygon Subnets。这些特定应用的、与EVM兼容的区块链旨在缓解普遍发现的挑战并扩展Edge框架。Supernets将可以选择从MATIC订户那里获得安全来源，以跳过引导验证器集，与以太坊主网和其他Supernets进行通信，并提供专门的开发人员团队（称为Edge认证合作伙伴）进行维护支持。很快，Supernets将能够利用Ethereum的安全性和数据可用性（或Polygon Avail的），采取滚动或验证器的形式。Polygon承诺为Supernets的开发和采用投入1亿美元。
Polygon Miden
Polygon Miden是一个ZK-rollup，专注于通用的可编程性。Miden在链外分批交易，类似于zkEVM和Zero；但是，任意的智能合约很难滚动起来。为了克服这个问题，Polygon Miden正在围绕Miden虚拟机进行构建。该虚拟机已被专门优化，以支持用Solidity和其他语言编写的任意逻辑。
虽然Miden支持Solidity，但它并不像Polygon zkEVM所希望的那样与EVM完全兼容。Miden使用STARKs而不是SNARKs进行证明，这意味着不需要可信的设置，它的可扩展性更强，而且是抗量子的。Miden计划在不久的将来进行测试网开发。
Polygon Nightfall
2021年9月14日，易观国际和Polygon宣布合作开发Polygon Nightfall，这是一个以企业隐私为重点的乐观的卷积。Nightfall是一个自我描述的 “混合乐观-ZK滚动”，因为它使用欺诈证明（乐观滚动）和有效性证明（ZK-滚动）。Nightfall使用有效性证明来混淆数据，然后使用欺诈证明将其批给主网。同样，Aztec被称为 “递归ZK-rollup”，因为它使用一个有效性证明来混淆数据，然后使用另一个有效性证明将其批量发送到主网。
在夜幕降临时，将交易分批送回主网的过程被严格设定为乐观滚动，只使用欺诈证明进行验证。ZK-rollup的名称和有效性证明是严格为了保护隐私和混淆数据。Nightfall目前正处于主网测试阶段。
Polygon Zero
2021年12月9日，Polygon宣布他们以4亿美元收购Mir Protocol。Mir Protocol被重新命名为Polygon Zero，是一个专注于速度的ZK-rollup。Zero通过像Polygon zkEVM一样的有效性证明在主网上结算分批交易。除了，Zero使用了一种新的递归SNARK，称为Plonky2。递归证明允许横向扩展，而Plonky2证明系统允许证明小而快。Plonky2是PLONK和FRI证明系统的结合，由Zero团队创建。8月，它被开源了，并计划在2022年第四季度进行测试网。
Polygon zkEVM（以前是Polygon Hermez）
2021年8月13日，在团队宣布10亿美元ZK扩展承诺的同一天，他们宣布Polygon首次进入ZK扩展领域，以2.5亿MATIC（约2.5亿美元）收购了ZK-rollup Hermez网络。Hermez网络的主要重点是开发以太坊虚拟机（EVM）的零知识实现，以减少直接在ZK L2上部署智能合约时的摩擦。由于EVM在创建时并不支持ZK，该团队需要从头开始重新创建所有的EVM操作代码以支持ZK技术，这是一项庞大的工程。
2022年7月，Polygon团队公布了Polygon zkEVM（由Hermez 2.0重新命名）。该公告包括开放zk-EVM的代码，并计划在2022年下半年推出一个公共测试网。在公布zkEVM的同时，Vitalik发布了一篇博文，描述了不同的zk-EVM解决方案。他使用了一个从1-4型的分类法，其中1型是一个完全等同于以太坊的最佳状态，4型是一个高级语言的等同。Vitalik将Polygon zkEVM目前的状态描述为类型3，并有可能转向类型2进行额外的发布（注：Polygon zkEVM测试网于10月上线）。
Polygon ID
虽然不是一个以太坊扩展解决方案，但Polygon ID是Polygon正在开发的另一个产品。Polygon ID是一个去中心化、自我主权的身份解决方案，允许使用ZK加密技术进行完全私有和可验证的链上验证。Polygon ID满足了 “了解你的客户 “的要求，同时允许用户保留全部隐私。理论上，像Polygon ID这样的链上识别系统可以在整个加密货币中普遍使用。然而，具体的用例包括去中心化的信用评分、DAO投票权和独家游戏公会准入。
6月，Polygon宣布将Polygon ID与Polygon Village整合。该整合允许Polygon开始测试Polygon ID，而Polygon Village则开始测试新颖的治理框架。Polygon ID生态系统计划包括两个新产品。Polygon ID Platform是一个公共平台，开发者和组织可以用它来定义和管理其应用程序的信任生命周期和其他要求。Polygon ID connect是一个公共服务平台，用于整合整个原生应用和应用程序的访问。在对龙卷风现金的打击之后，链上识别和KYC重新成为人们关注的焦点。
业务发展
Polygon将自己定位为有意探索Web3的传统品牌值得信赖的合作伙伴。 在某些情况下，Polygon似乎不仅被选择来帮助建立Web3解决方案，而且还通过孵化器项目帮助企业确定其市场定位和Web3使用案例。
Polygon上的NFT和集成正在被不同行业的传统品牌使用，包括社交媒体、零售、体育、金融服务和游戏。此外，Polygon还建立了一个对开发者友好的环境，使许多流行的DeFi协议和Web3服务都部署在Polygon PoS上。Aave、Uniswap和Lido都可以在PoS上使用，OpenSea也支持Polygon PoS上的NFTs。
在Reddit NFTs的刺激下，最近活动的增加是Polygon商业发展战略的巨大胜利。新签署的伙伴关系应该在未来几个月内上线。看好Polygon继续其积极的业务发展方法。
总结
尽管熊市仍在持续，但Polygon继续以更高的速度进行建设。在第三季度，Polygon看到整个网络的活动增加，继续其积极的业务发展战略，与杰出的公司建立了新的伙伴关系，并随着Polygon zkEVM的揭幕在其ZK扩展方面取得了进展。
Polygon的财务和网络活动反映了Polygon PoS的活动。在第三季度，收入为420万美元，由于交易量下降10%和交易费下降51%，收入环比下降了26%。Polygon平均交易费为0.09美元，因此预计收入不会很大。本季度末，Polygon库房有24亿MATIC（18亿美元）。
总的来说，第三季度与账户相关的指标有所增加，活跃地址达到600万，创历史新高，新地址按季度激增180%，总的独立地址超过1.7亿，总交易量超过20亿。随着Reddit NFT市场和热门游戏Benji Bananas的推出，NFT和游戏领域的增长居首。尽管账户增加，总交易量下降10%，至2.56亿（从历史高点下降50%），TVL下降43%。下降的原因是Arbitrum和Optimism启动了各自的流动性挖掘活动，新用户仍然表现出有限的链上活动。
去中心化和桩基相关指标是一致的。截至2022年9月30日，每次有100个活跃验证者的限制，以保持快速的两秒区块时间。新推出的Polygon改进提案4（PIP-4）提议将最大验证器设置增加到105个，这是逐步实现权力下放道路上的潜在第一步。此外，由于Polygon团队将他们从2021年归属解锁中获得的代币进行抵押，Polygon创造了历史新高，占总供应量的38%（环比+21%）。
Polygon继续专注于ZK的扩展和积极的业务发展。Polygon zkEVM的公布和开源是一个重要的里程碑，因为它是第一个开源的zkEVM。业务发展团队与Acentrik、Disney Accelerator、Reddit、Robinhood、Starbucks和Worldpay签署了新的伙伴关系。Reddit市场的早期成功是一个令人鼓舞的迹象，表明积极的业务发展战略正在得到回报。
通过允许独立团队试验不同的扩展方法，Polygon正在促进激烈的合作和信息共享。在未来几个月里，多种扩展方案计划在测试网或主网上线。Polygon打赌以太坊的未来是ZK扩展，所以Polygon的成功将在很大程度上取决于其快速有效地提供新的ZK解决方案的能力。
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